Der Begriff Holocaust stammt vom griechischen PartizipDirected by Ruggero Deodato. With Robert Kerman, Francesca Ciardi, Perry Pirkanen, Luca Barbareschi. During a rescue mission into the Amazon rainforest, a professor. The Holocaust (from the Greek The Center’s director is Dr. An active member of the Ramapo College’s Salameno School of Humanities and Global Studies, he participates in. Cannibal Holocaust Trailer (1. You. Tube. Probably my favorite horror film! I don't know why really, I just love it! What can I say, Ruggero is one of my film gods! The Digital Archive of Cambodia Holocaust Survivors. These one hundred haunting photographs of helpless Cambodians facing death were token in a secret prison in Phnom Penh, between the middle of 1. Several of the prisoners have just hod their blindfolds. As they stare at their captors, they have no. None of them was ever released. After torture and interrogation. In those days the prison was known by its code name, S- 2. Cambodia, under. its Communist rulers, called itself Democratic Kampuchea. DK) and was probably the most revolutionary government. The country was led by a smooth featured. Saloth Sar, who. used the pseudonym Pol Pot. He kept himself hidden, and so did the party. People outside its ranks knew only of a shadowy. Angkar padevat). which had as many eyes as a pineapple. The human costs of the revolution were horrific. In less. than four years, a million people, or one Cambodian in. Another 2. 00,0. 00, including everyone.
The exact number, which. It is impossible to come to grips with figures of this. In terms of Cambodia's total population they resemble. Holocaust in World War II. Stalin's collectivization. Ukraine in the 1. Rwanda. in 1. 99. It may be easier to bear witness to so many. From. this perspective the people pictured here are poignant. Frozen by the lens they stare out. Nearly twenty years later they are. Their expressions ask their captors. Who are you? Why have we been killed? Mute imploring irrefutable. Pol Pot, his paranoia and the demented. Utopian policies of his regime. When the Communists seized power in April 1. On. this impromptu long march (some city dwellers were walking. The new regime also abolished. Everyone was made. According to a spokesman two thousand. In effect. Cambodia became a gigantic prison farm. While a few peasants. Cambodians spent the Pol Pot era doubled over working. In. mid- 1. 97. 6 Pol Pot set a Four Year Plan in motion that. Cambodia break down class divisions. He proposed. to triple Cambodia's agricultural output everywhere and. The scheme was drawn from Soviet and. Chinese models and had no relation to reality. Cambodia. had just emerged from five years of ruinous civil war. Its labor force. whic h included over two million half- starved city dwellers. Pol Pot was an fervent admirer of Maoist China. Like. Mao, he believed that zeal was what made revolutions. Over 4,0. 00 Chinese volunteers, some of them pictured. Cambodian archaeological sites, assisted. Borrowing the phras e great leap forward. China to describe his Four Year Plan, Pol Pot led. Cambodia over a precipice, into the dark. Most. of the deaths that ravaged Cambodia in 1. DK's rejection of western- style medicine. They also. stemmed from empowering ignorant young cadre and from. They falsified reports to save themselves. Harvests. were po or, for example, but quotas of rice and other. As agricultural. surpluses were shipped to the capital, food intended. Thousands. of people starved, and when news of their deaths reached. By the end of 1. 97. Pol Pot. learned that his plan had failed, he was also shaken. Mao's death in China and by what he perceived as an. Vietnamese faction inside the Cambodian. Communist party. As far as the Four Year Plan was concerned. Utopian. agenda. Instead, like Stalin and Mao in similar circumstances. Some, he said, were buried. CPK and allied with others (i. Ho also blamed bourgeois elements who had survived. At the same time he purged. Viotnamese members of his party. Many of his victims. In. the closing months of 1. Cambodia began to come. Pol Pot believed that he was surrounded by enemies. In the countryside where most of the murders occurred. Documentation of these deaths if it ever. So ha ve the bodies of most. After 1. 97. 9 however, many of the killing. The remains of thousands of victims. Some had been shot or suffocated with plastic. Most of them had died by having their skulls smashe. This method of. killing reflected the literal- mindedness of many of Pol. Pot's cadre who were told by their superiors to smash. Angkar. Men and women suspected of serious crimes and accused. S- 2. 1. The. administrator of the prison working closely with Pol. Pot was another former teacher, Khang Khek leu (Duch). Many of the confession texts from. S- 2. 1 contain his neat. S- 2. 1 like Duch's classrooms in pre- revolutionary. Duch himself was a. In his. photographs however as he looks up from a file or saunters. S- 2. 1 mess- hall he is a chilling. The three pens in his shirt pocket incidentally. Duch's little empire was located on the grounds of a. Phnom Penh district of Tuol. Sleng. The prison occupied four three- storey buildings. The facility. was surrounded by a corrugated tin fence and two barbed. Classrooms on the ground floor wore reserved. Touch Phoeun, shackled. On the upper storeys classrooms were subdivided. A large room on the second storey was reserved. Some of these women were accused. One. was Chan Kim Srun, the wife of an official. She was arrested. As she. was photographed she wept. In 1. 97. 7 and early 1. S- 2. 1 at any one time. Some were there for a few. The most important suspects were detained for. Their sojourns in S- 2. The stories. that they were made to tell suggested that they had been. S- 2. 1 were innocent of any serious offenses. Nearby houses provided quarters for the staff which numbered. Outside. the compound lived a detachment whose members cultivated. Most. of the staff were recruited from Cambodia's rural poor. Typists and interrogators on the. Most of their supervisors whose comments. S- 2. 1 was a top secret facility. Its existence was known. Khmer Rouge. When suspects were arrested. S- 2. 1. Instead. Because prisoners at S- 2. DK their confessions were of interests to. Pol Pot who is referred to in S- 2. Copies of important confessions. Son Sen or to Pol Pot. Duch and his associates. Pol. Pot's and Son Sen's replies have not survived. Because of Angkar's interest in S- 2. Cambodia. at the time. On arrival prisoners were tagged photographed. According. to Heng Nath o ne of only seven people known to have. Prisoners were given. Others were broken. Still. of hers committed suicide one by grabbing a sentry's. As. the confessions were prepared in multiple copies and. S- 2. 1, an enormous archive of. It has come down to us almost by chance. When their patrols stumbled. Journalists from Communist countries were. By. then, mass graves in the vicinity had been dug up. The. journalists were sickened by what they saw and smelled. Photographs. confession texts and other documents were organized into. Places where prisoners were tortured and had slept. Thousands of photographs of prisoners. Weapons of torture, photographs of killing fields. Pol Pot curved by prisoners, abandoned clothing. In 1. 98. 0 the archive was opened to foreign scholars. At. that point, it consisted of roughly 6,0. The photographic archive was cleaned. Photo Archive Group in 1. American photographers Chris Riley and Do ug Niven. The written archive has been microfilmed by Cornell University. Cambodian Ministry of Culture, which administers. It covers 1. 87 reels of film documents on. According to entry records, some 2. Over ton times as. The. last confessions were typed up and filed and the lost. Vietnamese arrived. The reign of terror slowed down somewhat in 1. S- 2. 1 would hove been shut down, had Pol. Pot remained in power. Indeed, when confronted with evidence. S- 2. 1 in the 1. Communist figure. Khieu Samphan, blamed to collapse of the regime on the. Although Stalin's show trials in the Soviet Union in. To begin with, none of. Cambodian confessions was public. Moreover, none. of the prisoners went on trial. Finally, whereas some. Soviet Union and most. China went on to serve. S- 2. 1, even small. Only seven prisoners are. Similarly, the Chinese and Vietnamese. There is no term in Cambodian, as there is. Chinese and Vietnamese, for reeducation or reform. There are some interesting parallels also between S- 2. Cambodian regimes, whose leaders hardly ever. Governors were said to eat the provinces they. Power was its own justification and its own. Raw power, of the sort we encounter in these. Cambodian temple of Angkor Wat. In other words, there are some things uniquely awful. Cambodian, about S- 2. Pol Pot. and his macabre revolution. There are also things that. Communist, and drawn from China, Vietnam. Soviet Union. But terror is not a left. Cambodian monopoly. Instead, the photographs and. The world of S- 2. What happened there was evil, but neither the. Instead, once. the photographs have made us frighte ned, nauseous and. As we observe the victims, they are observing us. We. are taking the pictures and we are having our pictures. As our eyes meet, we are all, in a sense, potential. By absorbing the. Cambodia. between April 1. In. the process, we can also learn something about what Jung. Yale University and the University of Michigan. He served for two years in the US Army and was a US Foreign Service Officer with the Department of State for eight year s. In 1. 96. 0 he was posted to Phnom Penh. In 1. 96. 6 he resigned from the diplomatic service to return to academic life. He has taught Southeast Asian history (specializing in Cambodia, Vietnam and Thailand) at Monash University in Australia for the last twent y- two years. He has written several books about Cambodia, including A history of Cambodia (1. The Tragedy of Cambodian History: Politics War and Revolution Since 1. Brother Number One: A Political Bibliography of Pol Pot (1. Doug Niven and Christopher Riley, discovered the damaged collection of negatives at the site of S- 2. The two photographers dedicated themselves to cleaning the negatives and printing the haunting collection of photographs of long- dead Cambodians.
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